Last night, with the aim of providing sharp, reasoned understanding for you, the readers, I built a detailed chronology of how the Operation Phoenix saga developed throughout the past seven weeks.
The same should be done for our other major story - The ongoing allegations against San Bernardino Police Sgt. Bradley Lawrence.
On its face, this story is about Sgt. Lawrence allegedly flouting some standard police rules in apprehending suspected drug dealers.
But the implications are far more important. In their totality, the allegations against Lawrence (some of which are coming from within the department itself) suggest the possibility that officers have violated fundamental Constitutional principals, namely the 4th Amendment, and may have done so with impunity within the departmental hierarchy.
An investigation is ongoing. But as much as some public officials may prefer a completely secretive process, that is not good enough, not when the internal investigational apparatus itself has been called into question (read below for explanation).
The free press has brought a great many details to light, and that has unquestionably benefitted the public's understanding.
______________
A RECAP:
The Press Enterprise first broke the news on July 17. In a lengthy article buttressed with documents and taped conversations, allegations first came to light that Sgt. Lawrence led his narcotics team in disregarding the Constitution by unlawfully detaining and transporting people while pursuing evidence:
The article, and the things Lawrence said in a taped conversation, shocked many. It demonstrated that the allegations had been pushed up the chain of command, but no action had apparently been taken. It also opened the gates for my article, which my editors had been holding (yes, we do show restraint here at The Sun) until I could substantiate more evidence:
SAN BERNARDINO - A San Bernardino police sergeant has accused a narcotics team supervisor of illegally arresting two men without citing their crime, a violation of state and constitutional law.
Patrol Sgt. Mike Desrochers' accusation against narcotics Sgt. Bradley Lawrence arose from the events before a July 2 raid on an Eastside apartment complex.
***
Lawrence could have legally detained the men at the scene of the stop, Desrochers said. He said if the two men agreed to accompany Lawrence to another location, he would have been under no legal obligation to arrest them.
But the moment he invoked his police authority to take them to jail, the standard changed, Desrochers said. At that point, he said, Lawrence should have placed the suspects under formal arrest for investigation of specific charges before moving them against their will. Instead, Desrochers alleged, the narcotics investigator used a tactic that he has used before.
He put the suspects "on ice," a term Desrochers remembers from a jailer's booking form from another investigation Lawrence oversaw last September.
***
Lawrence says he's sending the men to the city jail with one of the patrol officers assigned to Desrochers, to be held without charges or phone calls "until we can get out to their house and go say good mor ... afternoon to the rest of their people."
Desrochers initially approves the detention, ending the conversation. Then he calls back.
"Tell me that story again. Is this guy in custody for something?" Desrochers asks.
"He ... he will be as soon as we get to his house to execute the warrant," Lawrence answers.
"What if you don't find dope?" Desrochers asks.
"I'll cross that bridge when I get there," the narcotics supervisor replies.
"I want you to know, that's going to be an issue with this guy being in custody with no charges," the watch commander says.
Desrochers presses Lawrence to get approval from the captain overseeing narcotics operations.
"Yeah, I'll tell him. I'll figure something else out then," Lawrence answers. He hangs up.
________________
The next day, July 18, I run with my first article on the brewing controversy:
SAN BERNARDINO - A police sergeant says a colleague has a practice of scooping people off the streets and detaining them without arresting them, charging them or booking them while probing for evidence to bring charges.
The exercise is even referred to by a special term, said Sgt. Mike Desrochers.
"It's called keeping them on ice," Desrochers said. "It's keeping a guy, with no phone calls, in the hopes you'll find something later. It's pretty clear that Fourth Amendment issues are in play."
***
Desrochers is a veteran officer and former detective who filed a harassment lawsuit against Police Chief Michael Billdt in 2006.
He said his complaints of improper detainment fell on deaf ears when he informed Assistant Chief Walt Goggin.
Reached by phone, Lawrence was mum.
"No comment, please don't call again," Lawrence said before hanging up.
_________
All stayed quiet until Aug. 1. That's when a bail hearing for the suspects drew Sgt. Lawrence and his accuser, Sgt. Desrochers, onto the stand to contradict one another under oath:
This day would also mark the first time that another allegation of the same abuse by Lawrence would emerge, this time from the attorney of a Rialto resident who said his client was "iced" in September 2007. The Sun has a booking log that ostensibly substantiates his claim.
FROM PE: At an explosive Friday hearing, San Bernardino County Superior Court Judge John Martin said he expects several attorneys to address in August whether Sgt. Bradley Lawrence illegally detained two gang suspects, then connected to an ongoing investigation, at a July 2 traffic stop.
***
Martin ruled against reducing the bail on any of the seven. He said he found nothing inconsistent in the testimony Lawrence gave Friday.
"Certainly, there were a lot of suspicious things that happened," Martin said.
Martin also criticized the traffic-stop detention of Alexander and Mackson as possibly a "chicken thing to do." He did not elaborate.
***
FROM THE SUN: "People are getting scooped up off the street and held without phone calls, without charges," Deputy Public Defender Sam Knudsen, who is representing Alexander, said after the hearing.
Alexander and Mackson were detained during a traffic stop without any charges, prior to the search of the apartment, the defense alleges.
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On Aug. 8, things changed. Suddenly, Lawrence was placed on paid leave. Police leaders offered no explanation. Our investigations revealed that Lawrence, who had been allowed to continue working after Desrochers' allegations, was slapped with another complaint from another person, this one alleging misconduct during a raid on a local motel:
SAN BERNARDINO - Police administrators confirmed Friday that embattled Sgt. Bradley Lawrence, who faces allegations of unlawfully detaining suspects, has been placed on paid administrative leave.
"He's on administrative leave as of yesterday," Assistant Police Chief Walt Goggin said in a telephone interview.
The move represents an abrupt shift for the department. Lawrence had continued to work since July 2, when Sgt. Michael Desrochers first alleged that Lawrence may have illegally detained two suspects while securing a search warrant as part of a raid at a San Bernardino apartment complex.
***
The misconduct allegations are not the first for Lawrence, who was accused of tying a youth to his patrol car and threatening to drag him in 1989.
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It was three days later, Aug. 11, when we really nailed down the reason for Lawrence's leave. By this point, Police Chief Michael Billdt and Assistant Chief Walt Goggin were almost completely mum.
SAN BERNARDINO - Already dogged by a fellow officer's accusations of misconduct last month, fresh allegations leveled by another officer against Sgt. Bradley Lawrence last week led to his being placed on paid leave on Thursday.
The suspension resulted from a raid on a hotel last week, said two sources within the Police Department who spoke on condition of anonymity.
During the raid, Lawrence and his team of narcotics officers stormed rooms in search of suspects and evidence. An officer who was troubled by Lawrence's actions lodged a complaint.
The trouble arose over a dispute about which, and how many, rooms the search warrant authorized police to force their way into, the sources said.
Lawrence, a veteran officer most recently promoted to narcotics work, already faced allegations by Sgt. Mike Desrochers that he unlawfully detained two men on July 2, before obtaining a search warrant for their home.
***
City Attorney James F. Penman said the decision not to act on Desrochers' complaints was Billdt's.
"The information they had initially on the previous allegation was not sufficient to place him on administrative leave, in the opinion of the police chief," Penman said.
Asked if he shared that opinion, Penman said, "I don't know all of the information on which the police chief based his decision."
______________
On Aug. 12, we're back in court:
With the flow of information and news reports constantly adding to the facts of the case, lawyers and Judge John Martin indicated information swirling around Lawrence would work its way into court.
"We'll have to take a deep breath and see where we are and where we're going to go," Martin said.
Deputy District Attorney James Hoffman said it was too early to tell how strong his case will be.
"When the Police Department concludes their internal investigation, then we'll know more," Hoffman said.
__________
Aug. 13, we report drug charges against one of seven suspects Lawrence helped arrest will be dropped. DA's office later tells me that the charges being dropped had nothing to do with allegations against Lawrence:
Citing insufficient evidence, Deputy District Attorney James Hoffman came to San Bernardino Superior Court on Wednesday and asked to have drug charges against 29-year-old Donald Joseph Mackson dropped.
Mackson was one of two men detained during a July 2 traffic stop by San Bernardino police Sgt. Bradley Lawrence, an undercover narcotics officer put on leave Aug. 7 after fellow officers accused him of misconduct.
Asked after Wednesday's court hearing to explain why charges against Mackson were dropped, Hoffman declined comment.
But after a brief open hearing - which was abridged by a closed-door meeting of Superior Court Judge John Martin with a half-dozen attorneys - the talk was of cracking confidential personnel and other inter-departmental information.
"This is the only way I can get the information I need," said defense attorney Sean O'Connor, who represents Frederick Edward Williams, 29.
_______________
Aug. 15, a real bombshell article. This time, we reveal that another officer, Sgt. Steve Lowes, was placed on leave in mid-July, weeks before Lawrence. Lowes, sources say, was put on leave for confronting a member of Lawrence's team and imploring him to come forward with what he knows.
By this point, the Police Department has completely sealed off. Whereas before, Goggin and Billdt openly confirmed Lawrence was on leave, they now refuse to confirm or deny their putting Lowes on leave. This represents a clear shift:
SAN BERNARDINO - Police Chief Michael Billdt has placed two sergeants on paid administrative leave over the past month, according to police officials and sources inside the Police Department.
The two actions may be connected.
Police leaders have confirmed that Sgt. Bradley Lawrence, the focus of two complaints related to allegations of improperly detaining people and conducting search warrants, was placed on leave Aug. 7.
Sgt. Steve Lowes, a longtime member of the force and a vocal critic of Billdt, confirmed that he was placed on leave in mid-July.
Sources in the Police Department say Lowes, a 20-plus-year officer, was placed on leave after a member of Lawrence's narcotics team complained that Lowes harassed him to come forward about Lawrence.
Contacted by phone, Lowes confirmed his status.
"I was called three weeks ago and told to stay home," Lowes said. "I'm paid to stay home, and I want to be working."
***
Sgt. Mike Desrochers, who joined Lowes in 2006 in filing a lawsuit against Billdt for allegedly encouraging a hostile work environment, said the move against Lowes was not legitimate. Desrochers lodged the initial complaint against Lawrence on July 2.
"This is nothing but a power play by this administration to discredit Steve," Desrochers said.
The police union president, Sgt. Rich Lawhead, said he stood behind both Lowes and Lawrence.
"Lowes and Lawrence are my members, and I'm walking an equal line," Lawhead said.
But Lawhead, whose union has clashed repeatedly with management over the past two years, questioned why Lowes would be placed on leave so promptly while Lawrence remained on duty for a month until a second complaint was filed against him.
"We have some problems with perceptions. ... It appears there is a double standard," Lawhead said. "That's the perception throughout the organization."
______________
And now, on Aug. 19, we report more fully another attorney's claims that Lawrence violated his client's rights in a separate incident. The attorney says Lawrence committed felonies, and therefore an external investigation is warranted. He calls on DA and FBI:
Billdt declined comment because the case is a personnel matter.
In a telephone interview, Smith said he wrote the letter to alert officials to the depth of the situation and to prompt action.
"These are allegations of criminal conduct," Smith said. "It is my expectation that the department must go to an outside agency for investigation."
Smith said police maintain that a woman at Parker's home granted permission for a search that ultimately yielded a large cache of marijuana.
But in his letter, Smith paints a picture of pervasive, rogue policing.
"Unfortunately, it appears that this conduct of Sgt. Lawrence is not an isolated incident. Apparently, he and some of your other officers have made this kind of conduct practice," Smith wrote.
END
So there is the brief history.
Now, I must briefly focus on something else. It is apparent to any astute reader that the Police Department's leaders have shifted their strategy in discussing this. It basically went from very little, to nothing, in terms of what they'll tell the public.
At first, Goggin confirms Lawrence is on leave and provides the date, but nothing else. Days later, Paterson, Goggin and Billdt refuse to confirm Lowes is on leave at all, much less provide the date.
Now something else. We have asked Lt. Scott Paterson, the department spokesman, repeatedly to provide the month and year on which Sgt. Bradley Lawrence began working for the department.
He has not provided it, and gives no indication he will.
This is a troubling sign. It is difficult, to put it mildly, to justify witholding a piece of information as theoretically transparent as when a public servant began earning a taxpayer-funded paycheck. But that is where we are.
Obviously, not divulging when a government worker began employment is angling toward the extreme side of secrecy.
As the readers, you can decide for yourseves how to think about this issue. I thought it important at this point to draw together the highlights of what has occurred with this important case.
As for the last part, where I report that the department is unwilling for the time being to divulge when Lawrence began employment, I think that is important for you to know.
Heck, my job is to tell you what I know. Glad to do it.
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